Comparative effects of different types of tree nut consumption on blood lipids: a network meta-analysis of clinical trials.

Liu K, Hui S, Wang B, Kaliannan K, Guo X, Liang L.

Am J Clin Nutr. 2020;111(1):219-227.

This network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials aimed to assess the comparative effects of walnuts, pistachios, hazelnuts, cashews, and almonds on typical lipid profiles. 

Researchers conducted literature searches to identify studies comparing ≥2 of the following diets-walnut-enriched, pistachio-enriched, hazelnut-enriched, cashew-enriched, almond-enriched, and control diets-for the management of triglycerides (TGs), LDL cholesterol, TC, and HDL cholesterol. Thirty-four trials enrolling 1677 participants were included in this study.

The pistachio-enriched and walnut-enriched diet could be better alternatives for lowering TGs, LDL cholesterol, and TC compared with other nut-enriched diets included in this study. The findings warrant further evaluation by more high-quality studies.

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